Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) have increasingly been used in the endoscopic management of malignant and benign gastrointestinal diseases.
The main limitation of FCSEMS is the risk of migration, occurring in at least one-third of patients.
Different methods have been employed for anchorage of esophageal stent, as external fixation with endoscopic snare and internal fixation using both through-the-scope (TTS) and over-the scope (OTS) clips to fix the upper flared end of the FCSEMS to the esophageal mucosa.