Researchers have utilized CRISPR-based gene editing to engineer a bacteria that can detect tumor DNA in mice colons. This innovative approach could potentially offer a non-invasive diagnostic tool to identify cancer or pre-cancerous DNA, enabling early intervention before cancer progresses or spreads.
The University of California at San Diego-led team targeted a specific trait in certain bacteria, allowing them to absorb free-floating DNA from their surroundings. They then engineered the bacterium, Acinetobacter baylyi, to specifically consume DNA released by colorectal cancer tumors. If the engineered bacteria detect cancerous cells, they survive and signal the presence of these cells. Conversely, in the absence of cancer, the bacteria don’t survive, indicating a negative result.